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JAVA Spring MyBatisDAY03

构建HelloWorld应用案例
重构HelloWorld应用案例

1 构建HelloWorld应用案例

1.1 问题

使用Spring Web MVC构建HelloWorld应用案例。

1.2 方案

使用XML配置的方式实现Spring MVC，构建HelloWorld应用案例。

1.3 步骤

步骤一：创建项目，导入jar包

创建项目Spring03，导入Spring开发包，如下图：

图-1

步骤二：配置web.xml

在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

步骤三：创建Spring MVC配置文件

创建配置文件spring-mvc.xml，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">
	
	
</beans>

步骤四：创建Controller

创建HelloController类，代码如下：

packagecom.tarena.web;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;


public class HelloController implements Controller {

	@Override
	publicModelAndViewhandleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("Hello, Controller.");
		return new ModelAndView("jsp/hello");
	}

}

步骤五：配置Controller

在spring-mvc.xml中配置Controller，追加代码如下：

	<!--声明Controller -->
	<bean id="helloController" class="com.tarena.web.HelloController"/>
	
	<!--定义请求处理映射HandlerMapping -->
	<bean id="handlerMapping" 
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
		<!--指定请求和Controller对应关系 -->	
		<property name="mappings">
			<props>
				<prop key="/demo/hello.do">helloController</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!--定义视图解析器ViewResolver -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>

步骤六：创建页面

在WEB-INF/jsp下创建hello.jsp，代码如下：

<%@page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
	<h1>Hello, SpringMVC.</h1>
</body>
</html>

步骤七：测试

部署该项目，启动服务，在浏览器上输入地址http://localhost:8088/Spring03/demo/hello.do访问Controller。

控制台输出效果如下图：

图-2

浏览器显示效果如下图：

图-3

1.4 完整代码

web.xml完整代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

HelloController完整代码如下：

packagecom.tarena.web;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;


public class HelloController implements Controller {

	@Override
	publicModelAndViewhandleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("Hello, Controller.");
		return new ModelAndView("jsp/hello");
	}

}

spring-mvc.xml完整代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">
	
	<!-- 声明Controller -->
	<bean id="helloController" class="com.tarena.web.HelloController"/>
	
	<!-- 定义请求处理映射HandlerMapping -->
	<bean id="handlerMapping" 
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
		<!-- 指定请求和Controller对应关系 -->	
		<property name="mappings">
			<props>
				<prop key="/demo/hello.do">helloController</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!--定义视图解析器ViewResolver -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

hello.jsp完整代码如下：

<%@page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
	<h1>Hello, SpringMVC.</h1>
</body>
</html>

2 重构HelloWorld应用案例

2.1 问题

重构HelloWorld应用案例。

2.2 方案

使用注解的方式实现Spring MVC，构建HelloWorld应用案例。

2.3 步骤

步骤一：创建项目，导入jar包

创建项目Spring03-2，导入jar包，如下图：

图-4

步骤二：配置web.xml

配置web.xml，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

步骤三：创建Spring MVC配置文件

创建配置文件spring-mvc.xml，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">
	
	<!--开启注解扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.tarena"/>
	
	<!--开启MVC注解扫描 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	
	<!--定义视图解析器ViewResolver -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

步骤四：创建Controller

创建HelloController，代码如下：

packagecom.tarena.web;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class HelloController {

	@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
	publicModelAndView hello(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("Hello, Controller.");
		return new ModelAndView("jsp/hello");
	}

}

步骤五：创建页面

在WEB-INF/jsp下创建hello.jsp，代码如下：

<%@page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
	<h1>Hello, SpringMVC.</h1>
</body>
</html>

步骤六：测试

部署项目，启动服务，在浏览器输入地址http://localhost:8088/Spring03-2/demo/hello.do访问Controller。

控制台输出效果如下：

图-5

浏览器显示效果如下：

图-6

2.4 完整代码

web.xml完整代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

HelloController完整代码如下：

packagecom.tarena.web;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class HelloController {

	@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
	publicModelAndView hello(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("Hello, Controller.");
		return new ModelAndView("jsp/hello");
	}

}

spring-mvc.xml完整代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">
	
	<!-- 开启注解扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.tarena"/>
	
	<!-- 开启MVC注解扫描 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	
	<!-- 定义视图解析器ViewResolver -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

hello.jsp完整代码如下：

<%@page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
	<h1>Hello, SpringMVC.</h1>
</body>
</html>