1 描述Spring Web MVC的工作流程。

参考答案

Spring Web MVC的工作流程如下：

1. 浏览器发出spring mvc请求，请求交给前端控制器DispatcherServlet处理。

2. 控制器通过HandlerMapping维护的请求和Controller映射信息，找到相应的Controller组件处理请求。

3. 执行Controller组件约定方法处理请求，在约定方法中可以调用Service和DAO等组件完成数据库操作。约定方法可以返回一个ModelAndView对象，封装了模型数据和视图名称信息。

4. 控制器接收ModelAndView之后，调用ViewResolver组件，定位View的JSP并传递Model信息，生成响应界面结果。

2 基于注解配置实现城市列表显示功能，要求和提示如下：

1） City城市类有id和name两个属性；

2）自行构建List<City>集合，并存入自定义的数据，不需要从数据库查询；

3）在JSP中可以采用JSTL和EL表达式显示集合数据。

参考答案

步骤二：在src下添加Spring Web MVC的XML配置文件

代码如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

</beans>

步骤三：在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet前端控制器组件

代码如下所示：

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
		<!-- 指定Spring的配置文件 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.from</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

步骤四：新建实体类City

代码如下所示：

package com.tarena.entity;

public class City {
	private String id;
	private String name;

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public City() {
		super();
	}

	public City(String id, String name) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

}

步骤五：新建ListController需要实现Controller接口

在该类中使用ModelMap的方式向listCity.jsp 页面传递信息，代码如下所示：

package com.tarena.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.tarena.entity.City;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/city")
public class ListController {
	@RequestMapping("/list.from")
	public String listCity(ModelMap model) {
		List<City>  listCity=new ArrayList<City>();
        listCity.add(new City("1001","北京"));
        listCity.add(new City("1002","上海"));
        listCity.add(new City("1003","深圳"));
        listCity.add(new City("1004","广州"));
        model.addAttribute("listCity", listCity);
		return "listCity";
	}
}

步骤六：修改spring-mvc.xml

在spring-mvc.xml文件中，开启@RequestMapping注解映射以及组件扫描，并且定义视图解析器ViewResolver，代码如下所示：

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.tarena.controller"/>
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	<bean id="viewResolver" 
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/">
		</property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp">
		</property>
	</bean>

步骤七：新建listCity.jsp

在该页面中，使用JSTL和EL表达式向ListController.jsp传递信息，并显示在浏览器上，代码如下所示：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
	<head>
		<title>城市信息列表</title>
	</head>

	<body>
		<table border='1' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='0' width='60%'>
			<caption>
				城市信息列表
			</caption>
			<tr>
				<td>
					ID
				</td>
				<td>
					城市
				</td>
			</tr>
			<c:forEach var="city" items="${listCity}">
				<tr>
					<td>
						${city.id}
					</td>
					<td>
						${city.name}
					</td>
				</tr>
			</c:forEach>
		</table>
	</body>
</html>

步骤八：测试

通过地址“http://localhost:8080/工程名/city/list.from”访问ListController，如图-2所示。

由图-2可以看出，已经成功进入了listCity.jsp页面，并显示了城市信息列表。

spring-mvc.xml文件的代码如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.tarena.controller"/>
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	<bean id="viewResolver" 
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/">
		</property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp">
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

web.xml文件的完整代码如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
	</servlet-class>
	<init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>*.from</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

City类的完整代码如下所示：

package com.tarena.entity;

public class City {
	private String id;
	private String name;

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public City() {
		super();
	}

	public City(String id, String name) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

}

ListController类的完整代码如下所示：

package com.tarena.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.tarena.entity.City;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/city")
public class ListController {
	@RequestMapping("/list.from")
	public String listCity(ModelMap model) {
		List<City>  listCity=new ArrayList<City>();
        listCity.add(new City("1001","北京"));
        listCity.add(new City("1002","上海"));
        listCity.add(new City("1003","深圳"));
        listCity.add(new City("1004","广州"));
        model.addAttribute("listCity", listCity);
		return "listCity";
	}
}

listCity.jsp页面的完整代码如下所示：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
	<head>
		<title>城市信息列表</title>
	</head>

	<body>
		<table border='1' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='0' width='60%'>
			<caption>
				城市信息列表
			</caption>
			<tr>
				<td>
					ID
				</td>
				<td>
					城市
				</td>
			</tr>
			<c:forEach var="city" items="${listCity}">
				<tr>
					<td>
						${city.id}
					</td>
					<td>
						${city.name}
					</td>
				</tr>
			</c:forEach>
		</table>
	</body>
</html>